Causes of Infertility

Infertility Fast Facts

6.1 Million

Couples approximately in the United States, or 10 percent of all couples of childbearing age, have difficulty conceiving.

PCOS

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a condition that affects many women of reproductive age and is the most common cause of female infertility. Typically, the ovaries are enlarged and contain many small cysts, but this is not always the case. Polycystic ovaries seen on an ultrasound are not enough for a PCOS determination. For a doctor to diagnose PCOS, a woman must also have irregular menses or an excess of male hormones circulating in the body.  

Symptoms of PCOS include:

  • irregular menstrual cycles
  • excessive facial and body hair
  • obesity
  • acne
  • male patterned baldness in females

If you are having irregular menstrual cycles, increased facial and body hair growth, and/or severe acne, make sure to follow up with your doctor.  Early treatment of PCOS can help to decrease long-term health risks such as: Type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, heart disease, endometrial cancer, and stroke.

Treatment usually includes lifestyle modifications such as eating healthy and exercising. Studies have shown that as little as a five percent weight reduction can significantly improve your chance of conceiving.  Medications can also be prescribed to help assist with ovulation such as Clomid or Gonadotropins, depending on your physician’s recommendation.